马MC1R基因多态位点与毛色相关性分析

doi:10.11843/j.issn.0366-6964.2018.08.005

Abstract

Abstract:

The study of the association between horse MC1R gene polymorphic loci and coat colors would provide important theoretical reference for coat color breeding of horses. In this study, the CDS of MC1R gene from 132 horses with 10 different coat colors was obtained by cloning and Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR), Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphsm (RFLP) and sequencing were implemented to analyze the correlation between MC1R gene polymorphism and coat color, the effect of SNPs on its coding protein structure was predicted, and the MC1R gene NJ phylogenetic tree was constructed and analyzed. The results showed that 3 SNPs loci were found in horse MC1R gene, including one synonymous mutation(c.G102A) and two missense mutations(c.C248T, c.G250A).The c.C248T caused change of the 83rd amino acids of MC1R protein from polar hydrophilic serine to nonpolar hydrophobic phenylalanine, predicting that the hydrogen bond between amino acid at this locus and 127th amino acid (serine) at the third transmembrane domain would disappear and the conformation of MC1R protein would be changed. This mutation resulted in 3 genotypes of EE, Ee and ee in MC1R gene.The missense mutation c.G250A caused the change of amino acid from aspartic acid to asparagine. The mutation site had more complex interaction with adjacent amino acids and transmembrane domains. It was speculated that c.G250A and c.C248T had less effect on the MC1R protein function than only the c.C248T mutation, which resulted in the emergence of genotype ee^a. Based on the association analysis of the horse MC1R genotype data (a total of 571 individuals) published by NCBI with their coat color traits, we found that there were two genotypes of EE and Ee in the bay and black horse populations, four genotypes of EE, Ee, ee and ee^ain gray horse population, and two genotypes of ee and ee^a in the chestnut horse population. The distribution of genotypes were extremely significantly different(P<0.01) in black and bay horse populations,showing Hardy-Weinberg disequilibrium, and the allele E was the dominant one. However, allele E was not detected in chestnut horses and e was the dominant allele. The result of phylogenetic tree showed that the individuals with EE genotype had the highest similarity to horse and Przewalskii. These results indicate that the different genotypes produced by the MC1R polymorphic loci are related to the bay,black,chestnut coat colors and the colorful hair color of horses. There was no ee genotype in bay and black horses and no allele E in chestnut horses. This study lay the foundation for the application of genotypes in the directional selection breeding of horse coat color.

CLC Number:

S821.2

ZHAO Shan-shan, XIAO Ning, LI Zhi-peng, PAN Qing-jie, LI Zhen, SHI De-shun, LIU Qing-you. Correlation Analysis between the Polymorphism Loci of MC1R Gene and Coat Color in Horses[J]. ACTA VETERINARIA ET ZOOTECHNICA SINICA, 2018, 49(8): 1605-1616.

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Correlation Analysis between the Polymorphism Loci of MC1R Gene and Coat Color in Horses

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